ʻAʻole hoʻomaka ka mōʻaukala o ka umbrella ua me kahi moʻolelo o nā umbrella ua. Akā, ua hoʻohana mua ʻia ka umbrella ua o kēia au ʻaʻole e pale aku i ke aniau ua, akā i ka lā. Ma waho aʻe o kekahi mau moʻolelo ma Kina kahiko, ua hoʻomaka ka umbrella ua ma ke ʻano he parasol (ka huaʻōlelo i hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka pale lā) a ua palapala ʻia ua hoʻohana ʻia ma nā wahi e like me Roma kahiko, Helene kahiko, ʻAigupita kahiko, ka Hikina Waena a me India i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 4 BC ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻolālā ʻia a kūkulu ʻia kēia mau mana kahiko o nā umbrella ua o kēia au me nā mea like ʻole e like me nā hulu manu, nā lau a i ʻole ka ʻili, akā ua like loa ke ʻano o ka canopy me nā huahana i ʻike ʻia i kēia lā.
I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ka pale lā a i ʻole ka parasol e nā wāhine i ka wā kahiko, akā ua hōʻike pinepine ʻia nā lālā o ka mōʻī, nā kāhuna pule a me nā luna hanohano ʻē aʻe i nā kiʻi kahiko me kēia mau mea i hōʻike mua ʻia i nā umbrellas ua o kēia lā. Ua hele a hiki i kekahi mau hihia a haʻi aku nā Mōʻī inā ʻae ʻia ko lākou poʻe makaʻāinana e hoʻohana i ka parasol, e hāʻawi ana i kēia hanohano i kāna mau mea kōkua punahele loa.
Mai ka hapa nui o nā mea kākau moʻolelo, ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole i hiki mai ka hoʻohana maʻamau ʻana o ka umbrella ua (ʻo ia hoʻi ke pale aku i ka ua) a hiki i ke kenekulia 17 (me kekahi mau moʻolelo mai ka hopena o ke kenekulia 16) ma nā ʻāina ʻEulopa i koho ʻia, me nā Italia, Palani a me Pelekane e alakaʻi ana i ke ala. Ua ulana ʻia nā canopies umbrella o nā makahiki 1600 mai ka silika, kahi i hāʻawi i ka pale wai palena iki i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā umbrellas ua o kēia lā, akā ʻaʻole i loli ke ʻano o ka canopy like ʻole mai nā hoʻolālā i palapala mua ʻia. Eia naʻe, a hiki i ka makahiki 1600, ua manaʻo ʻia nā umbrellas ua he huahana no nā wahine hanohano wale nō, me nā kāne e kū nei i ka hoʻohenehene inā ʻike ʻia lākou me kekahi.
Ma waena o ke kenekulia 18, ua lilo ka umbrella ua i mea maʻamau i waena o nā wāhine, akā, ʻaʻole a hiki i ka wā i hana ai ke kanaka Pelekane ʻo Jonas Hanway a lawe i kahi umbrella ua ma nā alanui o Lākana i ka makahiki 1750, ua hoʻomaka nā kāne e nānā. ʻOiai ua hoʻohenehene ʻia i ka wā mua, ua lawe ʻo Hanway i kahi umbrella ua i nā wahi a pau āna i hele ai, a ma ka hopena o nā makahiki 1700, ua lilo ka umbrella ua i mea maʻamau i waena o nā kāne a me nā wāhine. ʻOiaʻiʻo, i ka hopena o nā makahiki 1700 a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki 1800, ua ulu ka "Hanway" i inoa ʻē aʻe no ka umbrella ua.
Mai nā makahiki 1800 a hiki i kēia manawa, ua loli nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā umbrellas ua, akā ke mau nei ke ʻano o ka canopy kumu like. Ua pani ʻia nā iwi whale me ka lāʻau, a laila ke kila, ka alumini a i kēia manawa ka fiberglass e hana i ke koʻokoʻo a me nā iwi ʻaoʻao, a ua pani ʻia nā lole nylon i mālama ʻia i kēia mau lā i nā silika, nā lau a me nā hulu manu ma ke ʻano he koho ʻoi aku ka pale ʻana i ka wā.
Ma Ovida Umbrella, lawe kā mākou mau umbrella ua i ka hoʻolālā canopy kuʻuna mai ka makahiki 1998 a hoʻohui pū me ka ʻenehana mōlina hou loa, ka lole ponoʻī a me ka hoʻolālā a me ke kala e hana i nā umbrella ua kiʻekiʻe a nani hoʻi no nā kāne a me nā wahine o kēia wā. Lana ko mākou manaʻo e mahalo ʻoe i kā mākou mana o ka umbrella ua e like me kā mākou hauʻoli i ka hana ʻana iā lākou!
Nā Kumuwaiwai:
Crawford, TS He Moʻolelo o ka Malu. Taplinger Publishing, 1970.
ʻO Stacey, Brenda. Nā Piʻi a me nā Iho o nā Umbrellas. Alan Sutton Publishing, 1991.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iune-13-2022