ʻO nā umbrellas pepa ʻaila Kina i hana ʻia me kahi ʻōpae ʻohe a me kahi ʻili i hana ʻia me ka mianzhi a i ʻole pizhi i pena maikaʻi ʻia - nā ʻano pepa lahilahi akā paʻa i hana ʻia mai ka ʻili lāʻau - ua manaʻo ʻia nā umbrellas pepa ʻaila Kina he hōʻailona o ke kuʻuna o Kina no ka hana lima moʻomeheu a me ka nani mele.
I pena ʻia me ka tongyou - he ʻano ʻaila mea kanu i lawe ʻia mai ka hua o ka lāʻau tung i loaʻa pinepine ma Kina Hema - i mea e pale ai i ka wai, ʻaʻole wale nā umbrellas pepa ʻaila Kina he mea hana e pale aku ai i ka ua a i ʻole ka lā, akā, he mau hana noʻeau hoʻi i loaʻa ka waiwai moʻomeheu waiwai a me ka waiwai aesthetic.
Moʻolelo
Me ka mōʻaukala o aneane ʻelua mau tausani makahiki, ʻo nā umbrellas pepa ʻaila o Kina kekahi o nā umbrellas kahiko loa o ka honua. Wahi a nā moʻolelo mōʻaukala, ua hoʻomaka nā umbrellas pepa ʻaila mua ma Kina e ʻike ʻia i ka wā o ka Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220). Ua lilo koke lākou i mea kaulana loa, ʻoiai i waena o ka poʻe akamai i makemake e kākau a kaha kiʻi ma luna o ka umbrella ma mua o ka hoʻopili ʻia ʻana o ka ʻaila pale wai e hōʻike i ko lākou akamai noʻeau a me nā makemake palapala. Hiki ke loaʻa nā mea mai ka pena ʻīnika kuʻuna Kina, e like me nā manu, nā pua a me nā ʻāina, ma nā umbrellas pepa ʻaila ma ke ʻano he mau hiʻohiʻona hoʻonaninani kaulana.
Ma hope mai, ua lawe ʻia mai nā umbrellas pepa ʻaila Kina i nā ʻāina ʻē i Iapana a me ke aupuni Korea kahiko ʻo Gojoseon i ka wā o Tang Dynasty (618-907), ʻo ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai lākou ma kēlā mau lāhui ʻelua ʻo "Tang umbrellas." I kēia lā, hoʻohana ʻia lākou ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui no nā kuleana wahine i nā hana keaka a me nā hula Kepani kuʻuna.
I nā kenekulia i hala iho nei, ua pālahalaha aku nā umbrellas Kina i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe o ʻAsia e like me Vietnam a me Thailand.
Hōʻailona kuʻuna
He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi nā umbrellas pepa ʻaila o nā male kuʻuna Kina. Paʻa ka mea hoʻopili i kahi umbrella pepa ʻaila ʻulaʻula i ka wā e hoʻokipa ʻia ai ka wahine mare ma ka home o ke kāne mare no ka mea ua manaʻo ʻia ka umbrella e kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka pōʻino. Eia kekahi, no ka mea ua like ke kani ʻana o ka pepa ʻaila (youzhi) me ka huaʻōlelo no "loaʻa nā keiki" (youzi), ua ʻike ʻia ka umbrella he hōʻailona o ka momona.
Eia kekahi, ʻike pinepine ʻia nā umbrellas pepa ʻaila Kina ma nā hana moʻokalaleo Kina e hōʻike i ke aloha a me ka nani, ʻoiai hoʻi i nā moʻolelo i hoʻonoho ʻia ma ka hema o ka muliwai ʻo Yangtze kahi i ua pinepine ai a noe.
ʻO nā hoʻololi kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me ke kīwī e pili ana i ka moʻolelo kahiko Kina kaulana ʻo Madame White Snake e hāpai pinepine i ka heroine nani ʻo Bai Suzhen i lilo i nahesa i kahi umbrella pepa ʻaila palupalu i kona hālāwai ʻana me kāna ipo e hiki mai ana ʻo Xu Xian no ka manawa mua.
"Me ka paʻa ʻana i kahi umbrella pepa ʻaila, ke hele wale nei au ma kahi ala lōʻihi mehameha i ka ua ..." wahi a ka poema kaulana Kina hou ʻo "A Lane in the Rain" na ka haku mele Kina ʻo Dai Wangshu (e like me ka unuhi ʻana a Yang Xianyi lāua ʻo Gladys Yang). ʻO kēia kiʻi kaumaha a me ka moeʻuhane kekahi laʻana kuʻuna o ka umbrella ma ke ʻano he ikona moʻomeheu.
ʻO ke ʻano poepoe o ka umbrella e hoʻolilo ia i hōʻailona o ka hui hou ʻana no ka mea ʻo "round" a i ʻole "circle" (yuan) ma ka ʻōlelo Kina ke lawe pū nei i ke ʻano o "ka hui pū ʻana."
Puna mai Globa Times
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iulai-04-2022